Driving a roadworthy and safe vehicle can help you avoid a crash, or increase your chance of survival if you are involved in one. Ensure that your vehicle is roadworthy before you drive, which means the vehicle meets the standards required by law and is safe to drive.

What should you check before driving?

Check your:

brakes - the pedal should stay above the floor when you step on it
lights - with faulty lights, others may not see you or understand your intentions
tyres - must have an adequate tread depth and air pressure to function correctly.
windshield and wipers - must be clean and working so you can scan effectively
seatbelts - make sure that they function properly

Tyres

This isn't a safe tyre pressure

Tyre pressure and tread depth need to be kept at safe levels. Use recommended tyre pressure and make sure you have a tread depth of at least 1.6mm deep.

Smooth tyres can easily lose traction in wet weather. Tyre problem is a frequent cause of defect related crashes.

Adjusting the seat

Rule 97: Make sure head restraints are properly adjusted

You should always adjust the driver’s seat to give you a good driving posture. Ensure you can easily reach the controls and have a clear view of the road. Your steering wheel should be adjusted low and face the chest in order for the airbag to fully work. Your head restraint should fit your height.

A good driving posture will improve your car control and allow for safety features to work as intended - e.g. your seatbelt and airbags.

Mirrors

The mirrors should be positioned so you can scan the area around your vehicle without changing your position. Many modern vehicles also have day/night mirrors that are adjustable to reduce the headlight glare from vehicles behind you at night.

Adjusting the rear-view mirror

Adjust the interior mirror to give you a clear view of the road behind. The rear-view mirror should be adjusted to complement the side-mirrors to give you the best possible view of the areas surrounding your car while minimising the blind spots.

Adjusting your side mirrors (setting A/B)

Mirror setting (A) is the standard setting

Setting A - the standard way to adjust your mirrors.

Most drivers use and are more comfortable using this setting. It’s also recommended by most driving schools.

When adjusted correctly, you should see the tip of the door handle in the lower inner corner of the mirror.

Setting B - recommended by Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

This setting aims to reduce blind spots and make it easier to change lanes quickly. When using this setting, adjust the mirrors so far outward that the viewing angle of the side mirrors just overlap that of the rear-view mirror. However, many drivers find this setting disorienting.

When correctly positioned, you should see the front bumper of a passing vehicle in the side mirror as the vehicle disappears from your rear-view mirror.

Electronic driver assist systems

These systems can assist the driver but are not able to on their own prevent a crash or the loss of control of the vehicle.

Anti-locking Braking Systems (ABS)

ABS help control the braking force to prevent skidding in poor/slippery conditions and under heavy braking. You can feel a pulse/shudder on the brake pedal when the ABS is activated. Maintain braking power if a quick stop is needed.

Emergency Brake Assist (EBA)

The EBA provides emergency braking assistance by automatically increasing the brake force to minimise the stopping distance. It does this by automatically detecting emergency brake applications, and is sometimes referred to as the ‘Brake Assist System’ (BAS).

Electronic Stability Control (ESC)

ESC helps to prevent skidding and running of the road by applying brakes to individual wheels when detecting instability and over-steering. ESC is particularly helpful in maintaining control of your vehicle on unsealed, wet and icy roads.

Traction Control Systems (TCS)

TCS can stop the wheels from spinning when losing traction by temporarily applying the brakes or reducing engine power to allow for a smooth acceleration (even on wet and slippery surfaces).

Dashboard Lights

When something is wrong with your vehicle, a light get's activated on your dashboard to help you pinpoint the problem. Don't ignore them - some of these lights could indicate a serious malfunction in the vehicle's system.

Some common dashboard lights

Battery/Charging Alert.

Indicates that the voltage level is below normal and that the charging system isn't functioning properly

Coolant Temp Warning.

Indicates the temperature is higher than normal.

Oil Pressure Warning.

Indicates a loss of oil pressure. Check the oil level and pressure

Engine Warning.

Indicates there's a problem with the engine that requires diagnosis by a professional

ESP Fault.

Indicates there's a problem with the Electronic Stability System

Brake System.

Indicates one of three possible conditions related to the braking system. (1) ABS, (2) low brake fluid or (3) the parking brake is on

ABS Light.

Indicates a problem with the ABS that needs professional diagnosis

Airbag Fault.

Indicates there's a problem with the airbag system

Road to Your Licence - Driving Theory

Priority at Unmarked Crossroads & Junctions

Direction Signals & Arm Signals

Roundabouts & Mini Roundabouts

Road Lane Markings & Reflective Studs

Speed Limits

Road Positioning

Road Safety, Stopping Distances & Safety Margin

Driving Around Large & Heavy Goods Vehicles

Pedestrian Rules: How to Act Near Pedestrians

Sharing the Road with Others

Designated Lanes: Bus, Crawler, Climbing & HOV lanes

Turning Rules, U-turns & 3-point Turns

Traffic Lights

Parking Restrictions

Essential Parking & Stopping Signs

Defensive Driving Essentials

Alcohol and Drink Drive Limits

Fatigue

Fitness to Drive

Drug Driving

Getting Your Provisional Licence

Essential Documents

Distracted Driving & Road Rage

Motorways

Use of Car Lights

Overtaking Safely & Rules

Driving in Tunnels

Don't Speed - Drive Responsibly

Level Crossings

Driving in Bad Weather

Dealing with Hazards

Roadwork Sites & Rules

Driving Emergencies and Vehicle Breakdowns

What To Do In A Crash & First Aid (DR ABC)

Seat Belt Law & Child Car Seats

Towing Tips & Laws

Eco Safe Driving

Driving Offences, Penalties & Penalty Points

Driving a Roadworthy Vehicle

Chapter 45

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